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J&K school students meet Maharashtra Governor

The students were very excited about their maiden Mumbai visit; most had seen the sea for the very first time.
by The Editors | editor@themetrognome.in

The State of Maharashtra hosts children from Jammu & Kashmir every year. However, the joy of the experience doesn’t seem to dim for everyone involved – for the children themselves, or the Government officials who meet them on their visit.

A group of 22 children belonging to the border area of Akhnoor in Jammu and Kashmir met the Governor of Maharashtra C Vidyasagar Rao at Raj Bhavan, Mumbai on Saturday, October 4, 2014. The children came from various villages located in areas closer to the Line of Control and are currently studying in Government schools. They shared their joy and excitement of visiting the city of Mumbai with the Governor. Many of the children said that they had seen a train and the sea for the first time in their life. The Governor enquired about the children and advised them to educate and to serve the nation.

The visit of the children to Mumbai and Pune was organised by the Maratha Light Infantry of Indian Army, under Operation Sadbhavana. The children were accompanied by three teachers and representatives of the 6 Maratha Light Infantry.

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Who wants to learn Marathi?

Learning Marathi is now fun and simple with the introduction of ‘My Marathi 1’, an interactive textbook that teaches communicative Marathi.
by Shubha Khandekar

Marathi, a language slated to become the sixth classical language of India shortly, after Tamil, Sanskrit, Telugu, Kannada and Malayalam acquired this status, has the fourth largest number of native speakers in India. It is now possible to learn this language through a tried and tested communicative approach used highly successfully to teach German. My Marathi 1, a textbook for communicative Marathi brought out by reputed publisher Granthali, in collaboration with the Department of German, University of Mumbai, addresses the long-felt need of teaching Indian languages through the use of innovative, integrated, modern multi-media tools and methods.

The book was released at a recent function presided over by Dr Rajan Welukar, Vice Chancellor, University of Mumbai and the guest of honour was Michael Siebert, Consul General of the Federal Republic of Germany. This event was also the celebration of the centenary of the Department of German as the University of Mumbai is the oldest Centre for German Studies in India.

MYMarathiRather than teaching by rote, as has been traditionally done, the book, which comes together with a workbook and a DVD, uses contemporary scenarios to facilitate learning through familiar concepts and imagery.

My Marathi 1 also makes beautiful use of the word ‘My’ which in some Marathi dialects means Mother, and is symbolic of the mother tongue, and strikes a deep chord in the learner right from the first lesson.

A collaborative effort between the Marathi Department of the University of Mumbai, the Marathi Abhyas Kendra of Mumbai and the Marathi Abhyas Parishad of Pune, the work has renowned actor Aamir Khan as its chief patron and financer.

Focused on proficiency in understanding, speaking, reading and writing skills, the book is targeted at a wide range of learners with different difficulty levels, such as teen and adult learners, Indian and foreign individuals and those with or without the knowledge of the Devnagari script. Pattern drills, audio and visual exercises, learning games, songs and poems, cartoons and conversations for oral practice form the backbone of the learning experience. Grammar and vocabulary are introduced in a user-friendly manner and the use of International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) lends a global perspective of accuracy in pronunciation. Regular tests, answer keys and a comprehensive chapter-wise glossary reinforce learning through all the stages. The work is suitable for both classroom and self-learning.

Editor Vibha Surana, whose brainchild the textbook is, hopes to replicate the experiment for the teaching of Hindi too.

With this, the teaching of Indian languages in multilingual India is set to be revolutionised. This project facilitates learning of Marathi globally, bringing Marathi Language Teaching on par with European languages like German, Spanish, French etc., a consistent team of highly specialised experts from various knowledge domains like Marathi grammar, Marathi creative writers, Marathi linguists, German experts trained in the integrated communicative methods and techniques, graphic designers, photographers for topic specific original photo shoots, digital experts, multimedia experts for audio-visual DVDs etc. shall be required who commit their next five years entirely to this content generation work.

In view of the incursion of English over all regional languages, this is a welcome endeavour for giving a much needed boost to a language rich in literary tradition.

To know more, contact project coordinators Dr Vibha Surana and Dr Deepak Pawar, coordinators of the Innovative Marathi Language Teaching Project at the Department of German, University of Mumbai. Write to them at head@german.mu.ac.in, santhadeep@gmail.com, or call 9820595850 / 9820437665.

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It really is getting hotter in here

It’s often said that human activity has caused gradual warming of the atmosphere during the last century. Here’s some proof.
by TERI Features

The Sun influences the Earth’s climate, and during the last century there has been a gradual warming of the atmosphere related to human activity. The present solar models predict that the early Sun was about 30 per cent fainter than it is now. In about three billion years, the outer atmosphere of the Sun will begin to swell so much that our own atmosphere will heat up. Eventually the Sun’s outer layers will envelop Mercury, Venus and probably our planet as well, says Dr Siraj Hasan, Distinguished Professor and Former Director of the Indian Institute of Astrophysics.

In a recent lecture titled, ‘Journey to the Sun: A Gateway to the Stars and the Universe’, the focus was on the importance of the Sun, our main star in the solar system and the source of energy that provides sustenance to the Earth and humanity. Dr Hasan said the Sun is a cosmic powerhouse that has a profound impact on our planet and its future. Its stormy atmosphere displays rich phenomena ranging from sunspots to powerful explosions that strongly influence the Earth and the space environment. The Sun’s activity is fundamentally due to solar magnetism and its emission changes with the sunspot cycle as well as on longer time scales of centuries to millions of years.

He added, “Major studies by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change have carefully examined over 100 years of measurements and concluded that the average global temperature has risen about 0.8 degree Celsius.  The years 1983– 2012 have likely been the warmest 30 years in the last 1400. The gradual temperature increase is related to the emission of greenhouse gases such as COand most likely human activity.”

Talking about the National Large Solar Telescope (aperture 2 m) that will be installed in Ladakh, he says, “It will be one of the world’s most powerful solar telescopes to address a multitude of crucial, well-posed problems in astrophysics and critical issues in the Sun’s important influences on the Earth (“space weather”), and understanding the release of solar energy into the solar system on a gigantic scale. It is ready to go into construction and become operational within five years.”

(Picture courtesy www.juancole.com)

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The perils of water mismanagement

A TERI analysis on the state of the world’s current water mismanagement paints a scary picture for the world’s future.
by Girija K Bharat | TERI Feature Service

By 2030, about 47 per cent of the world’s population will live in highly water-stressed areas. The only way to reverse this trend is to invest in environmental infrastructure and effective management of water to bring relief to millions afflicted by poverty, hunger and disease.

More than 700 million people in 43 countries across the world live in water-stressed conditions with the Middle East being the world’s most water-stressed region, having an average annual availability of only 1200 m3 per person. By 2030, about 47 per cent of the world’s population is expected to dwell in areas that will be highly water-stressed (per capita water availability less than 1700 m3). Around 60-90 million hectares in Africa will be under arid and semi-arid climatic regime and this will have serious implications on food and water security in the region.

Water mismanagementThe water resource endowment and distribution across the world vary spatially and temporally. The problem of inequitable resource endowment has implications for water security. The variations in intra and inter-regional vulnerabilities are by virtue of their geographical locations, whereby runoff is projected to increase in high latitudes and wet tropics (like in China, Finland, high latitudes and large parts of USA) and decrease in the mid-latitudes and some parts of the dry tropics (parts of West Africa, Middle East, Southern Europe and Southern South America and Central America). Ironically, nearly two-thirds of the world’s population resides in areas receiving only one-quarter of the world’s total annual rainfall. In these circumstances, sustainability of water resources is of paramount importance.

Water scarcity impacting poverty

Water scarcity, unclean water and lack of sanitation affect the poor people all over the world. One in five people in the developing world lack access to clean drinking water (a suggested minimum of 20 liters per day), while average water use in Europe and the US ranges between 200 and 600 litres/day. A number of studies including the report by the United Nations Development Programme have revealed that people living in slums in developing countries pay between 5 to 10 times more per unit of water than do people with access to piped water (UNDP, 2006). Over 1 billion people suffer from diseases due to lack of safe water, and are consequently less productive than they would be. The poor spend a huge amount of time fetching water, the opportunity cost of which they hardly realize. The desperate situation of the poor, therefore, exacts a toll on the economy as well as on their environment and its ecosystem.

For poor people, water scarcity is not only about droughts or rivers running dry, it is about guaranteeing the safe access they need to sustain their lives and secure livelihoods. For the poor, scarcity is about how institutions function and how transparency and equity are guaranteed in decisions affecting their lives. It is about choices on infrastructure development and the way they are managed. In many places throughout the world, organizations struggle to distribute resources equitably.

While access to safe water and sanitation have been recognized as priority targets through the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the Johannesburg plan of action of the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD), there is increasing recognition that this is not enough. Millions of people rely on water for their daily income or food production. Farmers, small rural enterprises, herders and fishing communities – all need water to secure their livelihoods. However, as resources become scarce, an increasing number of them see their sources of income disappearing. Silently and progressively, the number of water losers is increasing – at the tail end of the irrigation canal, downstream of a new dam, or as a result of excessive groundwater drawdown.

Along with the UN’s MDGs for ending poverty, eradicating hunger, achieving universal primary education, improving health, and restoring a healthy environment, the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment examines the consequences of ecosystem change for human well-being, and analyses options for conserving ecosystems while enhancing their contributions to human society. Environmental degradation is a major barrier to sustainable development and to the achievement of the MDGs. More than 70 per cent of the 1.1 billion poor people surviving on less than US $1 per day live in rural areas, where they are directly dependent on ecosystem services.’ Investing in environmental assets and the management of those assets can help achieve national goals, bringing relief to millions of people from poverty, hunger and disease.

In large parts of the developing world, irrigation remains the backbone of rural economies. However, smallholder farmers make up the majority of the world’s rural poor, and they often occupy marginal land and depend mainly on rainfall for production. They are highly sensitive to many changes – such as droughts, floods – and also on shifts in market prices. Investment in water infrastructure, in both its physical and natural assets, can be a driver of growth and the key to poverty reduction.

The waters ahead!

Poverty reduction and economic growth can be sustained only if natural resources are managed on a sustainable basis. Greening rural development can stimulate rural economies, Water shortagecreate jobs and help maintain critical ecosystem services and strengthen climate resilience of the rural poor. Conversely, environmental challenges can limit the attainment of development goals. As the economy grows rapidly, it will meet the constraint of natural resources and will have to exploit them in a sustainable manner for growth to persist.

The governments in many of the developing countries are developing schemes to deliver green results and contribute to the goal of ‘faster, sustainable and more inclusive growth. As the UN Secretary General’s High Level Panel on Sustainability notes, there exists tremendous opportunity for a dramatic improvement in the lives of the rural poor, even while they move towards more sustainable production models. Resource users will need access to assets, technology and markets. Success will depend on initiatives with capacity to effectively coordinate efforts and cooperation in water resource use. This will not only help overcome the constraints posed by environmental degradation, but utilise environmental resources as an opportunity to spur growth and poverty reduction.

(Pictures courtesy blogs.wsj.com, balaramranasingh.blogspot.com, www.indiawaterportal.org)

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Mumbai slum dwellers against ban on plastic bags?

World Environment Day: Findings from a survey by TERI show Mumbai in poor light, while revealing other expected and grim truths.
by Humra Quraishi

On the occasion of World Environment Day today, June 5, there are several events, book releases and talks lined up all over the country to mark the day. Yesterday, however, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) released the findings of its Environmental Survey 2014.

The findings of the Survey don’t come as a shock, though that doesn’t take away from their grimness. This time, TERI has widened its survey area and brought within its fold several smaller cities as well. The Survey comprised a sample of 11,234 citizens spread over eight urban agglomerates across the geographical span of India – Coimbatore, Guwahati, Indore, Jamshedpur, Kanpur, Pune, and of course, the country’s most populated metros, Mumbai and Delhi. In general, the survey focussed on the environment, and in particular, on water and health.

World Environment DaySaid a spokesperson for the event, “The survey also attempted to gauge the awareness levels and opinion of the people on Government policies in different environmental domains, the role of various actors in environment protection and their opinion in development versus environment debate.”

It turns out that most respondents were aware of the deterioration in air quality, the state of the green cover, that diversity of birds had reduced in all cities (except Coimbatore and Pune, where it was perceived to have improved), that poor environmental quality adversely affected health, that global warming was a reality, and of the hazards of e-waste.

An interesting finding was that there was an “overwhelming” response to the ban on polythene bags in all cities by all income groups, except in Mumbai, where slum dwellers were not in favour of the ban.

The survey also tried to “understand people’s opinion on the global debate on whether the environment hindered development.” A majority of respondents felt that the two went hand in hand, as seen in Pune, Coimbatore and Coimbatore, and felt that environment should be prioritised over development.

However, about 25 per cent respondents in Mumbai and Delhi and a higher share in others, like Pune and Jamshedpur, felt that development should be prioritised over environment.

(Pictures courtesy ibnlive.in.com, www.eea.europa.eu)

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Newbie at work? Read this

Daunted about being the newbie at work? Follow these simple tips and become one with the office in no time.
by The Editors | editor@themetrognome.in

Shweta Jagdale’s first job was as an intern in a newspaper office in Mumbai. “I was still in college, and I was very intimidated by all the senior journalists who did such important work for the newspaper. I was the only intern in the department, and apart from assigning me work, nobody would speak to me at all,” she remembers.

Then she decided to reach out. “I realised that I was new there, and they didn’t need to speak with me, I needed to speak with them. So I started by offering to share my lunch with the girl who sat nearest to me – once the ice was broken and she started taking an interest in me, slowly the others also followed suit.”

Shweta was immensely touched when, on the last day of her internship, the entire department gave her a farewell party. “It was unheard of to have a party for an intern, but they all grew very fond of me. I had broken the ice with them without sucking up or trying to appear more intelligent than I was – I worked hard, asked for work in my free time, ran errands for them in office. Today, I am still in touch with most of them,” she says.

Not everyone knows how to forge healthy working relationships at work, however. Says Sandhya Warick, HR professional with a management consultancy firm in Mumbai, “Most new employees are shy and awkward. While this is understandable, they must have enough self-confidence to introduce themselves to their colleagues and try and forge a working relationship.”

These are a few tips for a newbie at the workplace:

Be presentable. Dress smartly, keeping in tone with the overall dress code of the office. There is no need to be dowdy or plain, but wait before you bring out the miniskirts or cut-off jeans. “The first impression is the most crucial one. Your clothes, hair, shoes, bag must all be presentable,” says Sandhya. “The first few days of the job are spent in meeting with department heads and senior colleagues, so you must be well groomed at all times.”

new person at workWait to be assigned a work station. Most offices scramble to get a work station ready after the new joinee has already entered the building. However, if a work station is being readied for you, politely ask the department in-charge for a temporary place to sit. Do not express annoyance if a permanent seating arrangement is not worked out for days. You are the new person there, so throwing your weight about, even if justified, will be seen in a poor light.

Keep your desk clean. We are allowed to be messy at home, but it is just bad manners to be messy at work. A new joinee’s workstation is expected to be tidy at all times. You will have to give it a fair bit of time before you ‘claim’ your space with photographs and cheerful posters and unwashed coffee mugs. Especially since most of us share a desk with colleagues, we should be very careful to see that our stuff does not inconvenience others. Be sure to clear your desk before you leave.

Don’t keep your eyes on the clock all the time. The entire office will surreptitiously watch to see what time you start packing up to go home. “It is an unwritten rule that the newest person waits for a few minutes after the last person to head home, at least for the first few days. Once the office becomes familiar with you, you can start leaving with the rest of them,” Sandhya advises. However, it is a good idea to finish the day’s work before leaving. Just because others in the office can afford to put off work, it doesn’t mean you can.

Understand your work from the right people. Your key responsibilities, the chain of command you have to follow, who you must report to and who should report to you – you will have to understand these as soon as possible. This will ensure that you follow the office’s rules and don’t inadvertently step on any toes. Also, any mistakes you make will reflect poorly on you, though your seniors might be a bit lenient in the beginning.

Don’t gabble. In a bid to be friendly and gloss over their nervousness, some new joinees talk endlessly with their colleagues and try to get themselves included in conversations. This is a strict no-no. You should ideally listen more in the first few days of work and never venture an opinion unless asked to do so.

Make friends without being pushy. Nobody can survive for long if forced to work alone, but take your time before you attach yourself to the nearest group. Be friendly and willing to chat with colleagues, but don’t hint that you would like them to invite you for lunch or shopping dates. “At the magazine where I worked, all the girls already had their own groups, so it was tough for me to be included,” says Monica Kakkar, stylist. “For the first month, I ate alone in the canteen.”

Wait to be invited. Don’t come across as desperate for companionship, and don’t invite yourself into a group. “Always wait to be invited, and when the invitation comes, accept graciously and without surprise,” says Sandhya.

Don’t join in the gossip. So your colleagues are gossiping about the boss, and you want to join in – but don’t. It is very tacky for a new person to join in or contribute to gossip. newbie at workBe sure to make friends in the office and hang out with people you can trust before you start gossiping.

Be sincere but not a doormat. It is a normal tendency for senior colleagues to dump a lot of work on the new joinee, because they know that he or she is too new and inexperienced to protest. Do the work maybe once or twice, but if you see a pattern emerging, politely refuse to take on work that is either not your responsibility or something that can be done later or not at all. This will set a boundary in the early days of your work with the company. Never take on work just to please your colleagues or to create a good impression with the boss.

 (Pictures courtesy careerrocketeer.com, www.managingamericans.com, www.telegraph.co.uk)

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